Cyber Security Vulnerability A Analysis On The...

Cyber security vulnerability Bryan States University of Maryland University College Professor CSEC 610 July 7, 2015 Introduction An analysis on the vulnerabilities as well as the use of cyber intrusions in an organizational network has become key for running businesses (Sengupta, Mazumdar Bagchi, 2011). Enterprises including academic facilities, government parastatals and manufacturing firms are started to carry out business. The organizations mentioned above will in one way or another need an enterprise network to ensure that there is smooth running of operations for success in their undertakings. The network is made up of software and hardware systems, transmission media, devices and employees. Different organizations†¦show more content†¦Since the subnets can serve to expose a company, ensuring identification of threats is critical for survival of information systems. In other words, the weaknesses in the information systems can act as a basis on which harmful results to the operation of the company evolve. Managers in the information technology sector are faced with various challenge s. Above all, the single most cybersecurity vulnerability remains to be individuals or employees in organizations. This is because lapses in the security system always start with members of staff. Moreover, the above-mentioned individuals are the primary defense mechanism. The range of activities that come up as a result of human error are many, most of the time involving acts of trespass, extortion, vandalism and even theft. The reason behind vulnerability is in the fact that efforts of protection are easily defeated and would only require a person who is against your interests in a particular way. An example is a scenario where an employee decides to infect the system of an organization with a virus. Nevertheless, the same person could become negligent in his duties and give an unauthorized colleague usernames and passwords to systems. The consequences that lie in this would be dire in that it can facilitate crime and sharing of files, which may be considered confidential by a com pany. Once such confidential information reaches the wrong hands, it can be damaging. On one hand, it can be used for blackmail,

To Kill a Mockingbird Reflection - 736 Words

To Kill a Mockingbird Reflection Written in the late 1950s to early 1960s, To Kill a Mockingbird in many ways reflects the state of its society. The Civil Rights Movement was occurring at the time, a fight for human freedom, extending the rights of full citizenship to individuals regardless of race, sex, or creed and the slowly emerging concept of equal rights for all. Although set in the 1930s, it has come to my attention that the book strongly mirrors it ¡Ã‚ ¯s context and was greatly influenced by the values and beliefs of the people at the time. To Kill a Mockingbird in my opinion doesn ¡Ã‚ ¯t represent a true 1930s. It contains many main characters such as Calpurnia and Atticus who have morals and personalities that I felt out-step†¦show more content†¦This can be seen through the likeness of Tom Robinson ¡Ã‚ ¯s trial and the Mississippi Burning trails. In both these cases I noted that a white person ¡Ã‚ ¯s word has prevailed over a black man ¡Ã‚ ¯s based on the notion that one race is superior than the other. This claim of  ¡Ã‚ ®superiority ¡Ã‚ ¯ I think is more or less a cover up for ignorance, and the fear of mixing with things the white people didn ¡Ã‚ ¯t understand; the African Americans. Atticus describes this fear in the novel as  ¡Ã‚ °Maycomb ¡Ã‚ ¯s usual disease ¡Ã‚ ± where  ¡Ã‚ °reasonable people go stark raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up. ¡Ã‚ ±  ¡Ã‚ °Maycomb ¡Ã‚ ¯s usual disease ¡Ã‚ ± likens to the reaction of students from the University of Alabama graduate school who reacted with violence that lasted for several days to the acceptance of Autherine Lucy, a female African American into the University in 1956. I suspect that this reaction was based on the resentment and hatred of coloured people, racial prejudice. It was most likely caused by the stereotypes of coloured people at the time, stereotypes that offer the image of a somewhat less human creature that was violent, senseless and resentful. Because of segregation laws and the general  ¡Ã‚ ®stay in your place and we will in ours ¡Ã‚ ¯ sentiment of both the white and black communities, the white people don ¡Ã‚ ¯t really have the opportunity to prove stereotypes wrong and so grow up with a warped impression of the other race, they cannot beShow MoreRelatedTo Kill A Mockingbird Reflection Essay744 Words   |  3 PagesTo Reflect on Mockingbird To Kill A Mockingbird reflected the contentious race relations of the 1930’s-1960’s, and sparked nationwide examination of racism. There are countless court cases that closely resemble the trial that took place in the novel, such as the Scottsboro Trials. The book was published right before the culmination of the Civil Rights Movement. In the years after the book’s publication, the Freedom Riders made their famous trip across the South, and the March on Washington took placeRead MoreReflection Essay On To Kill A Mockingbird720 Words   |  3 PagesCharacter To Kill a Mockingbird was a great book and had many wonderful characters in it. As I was reading, I reflected on my reactions to the characters. Scout was an undoubtedly unique character in all that she did. Scout stood out in a crowd, not only for her courage, but her instinct to do what is right. When Atticus told her not to get into fights with other children about the lawsuit, she held back on her urge to fight. She chose to do what was right, even though she found it difficult. Scout’sRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Reflection Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, it talks about the racism and discrimination against blacks in the 1900’s in Alabama. It is narrated from the perspective of the author Harper Lee herself and is based on memories of her own life. The main character Scout, has an older brother named Jem, who is not as childish as Scout so he is a little more mature. At the beginning of the book, Jem’s level of maturity i s not fully developed; nowhere near close at that. But, towards the end of the book, he seemsRead MoreImpact Of Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird910 Words   |  4 PagesIn Harper Lee’s book â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† Jem , Scout , and Dill live in Maycomb , Alabama around the time of the 1930’s they all were struggling through racism and poor family’s trying to get by. Harper Lee’s first and only novel â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† was published during the civil right movements. In this book Jem, Scout, and Dill tend to have courage and loyalty through life and in their relationship toward one another . Jem and Scout are brother and sister, Dill is a friend of the familyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film The Lightening Of A Movie 935 Words   |  4 Pages1998). The lightening of a movie depends on the type of story that the director wants to tell. It can be beautifully manipulated to assist the actors in convincing the audience to not only b elieve the story, but to go along for the ride. To Kill a Mockingbird was shot in black in white. As stated, this was done to date the movie back to 1932, and to provide simplicity of that time. However, even within the confines of black and white film, lighting is important. Many of the scenes of the movie areRead MoreGo Set A Watchmen By Harper Lee930 Words   |  4 Pages Published in July of 2015, â€Å"Go Set a Watchmen† is Harper Lee’s second full-length novel following her 1960 Pulitzer Award winning novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†, a narrative within a novel where a black man is accused of raping a white woman and whom is also awaiting trial in a small Alabama town. In this, Harper Lee illustrates a theme of the injustices of prejudice, intolerance, judgments of others, and prejudice itself through the use of the setting: a time of social turmoil and havoc, a timeRead MoreHarper Lee Essay896 Words   |  4 Pages Harper Lee’s Lif e Story Have you ever wondered who wrote â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† or who is the author that wrote it? Well I’m here telling you who that author is. The author who made the book is named Nelle Harper Lee but she is just called Harper Lee on the book. This paper is on Harper Lee’s life and times during the 1900’s. She is known from her best-selling book, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird†. Even though the book may have some harsh descriptions about the time during which theRead MoreEssay on How Harper Lee Was Influenced by The Times 1473 Words   |  6 Pageswrite about. Great authors write about what they know. They write about what they see. They write about what they hear. They write about personal experiences and incorporate details from their lives into their literature. Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is a classical work that reflects the Civil Rights and Women’s Movement of the 1950’s-1960’s through her de piction of the relationship between blacks and whites and her portrayal of female characters. The 1950’s and the 1960’s was a time ofRead MoreEssay To Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination893 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination The most important theme of the 1960 Pulitzer Prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird is author Harper Lee’s tenacious exploration of the moral nature of people. Lee tenaciously explores the moral nature of human beings, especially the struggle in every human soul between discrimination and tolerance. The novel is very effective in not only revealing prejudice, but in examining the nature of prejudice, how it works, and its consequencesRead MoreAnylizing Concepts of Justice in to Kill a Mockingbird1660 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyzing the Concept of Justice in To Kill a Mockingbird Through the study this term of the central text, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, and related texts, films Rabbit Proof Fence by Phillip Noyce and In the Name of the Father by Jim Sheridan, my understanding of the concept of justice, or what constitutes justice, has altered considerably. We all think we know what justice is, or what it should be. In Australian colloquial terms, it is the principle of a â€Å"fair go† for everyone. In a perfect

Personal Statement French Studies free essay sample

Dear Sir, Dear Madam, I am writing in application for a place in your graduate program, namely the Ph. D. in French Studies with a concentration in Language and Identity, to start in the fall of 2006. I am currently completing my Master 1 at the Sorbonne University (Paris Ill), having also acquired my B. A. (Licence) in that institution. My Bachelors and my current Masters at the Sorbonne primarily consist of the study of French literature and dramaturgical texts from the 16th up until the present day. I have had the opportunity to study in depth classic authors uch as Moliere, Racine or Corneille. I have been especially marked by the latter author in his tragedy Le Cid. My education has also included the works of Rousseau, Beaumarchais, Montesquieu, Hugo, Zola Chateaubriand, Apollinaire, Aragon and other 18th to 20th Century writers. Many of the ideas advanced by these 18th Century writers went on to play a tremendous role in shaping France and Europe via their influence on the revolutionaries of 1789. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Statement French Studies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hugo and Zola also influenced their generation by exposing societal injustice in their works, most notably n Germinaland Les Miserables. Throughout my high school and university education I have studied foreign languages such as French and English. I have always had a particular passion for France (where I have lived for several years) and French culture and language. I was admitted to the Perm State University in order to learn French. In order to broaden my knowledge I enthusiastically took up the opportunity to move to France, where I have spent most of the last five years of my life, working and studying at the same time. When I arrived in France, I worked as an au pair (alongside my studies), as well as for a tour operator. I have also taught French to both teenagers and adults while in Russia, and Russian and French whilst in France. These experiences have greatly aided me in developing my teaching and communication capabilities. I also have a long-standing interest for history, art and politics, both within Europe, the US, the former Soviet Union and the wider world. I have found these interests to be extremely helpful when studying literature, ocieties and cultures during my education, as they enable one to understand the underlying meaning of texts which are at times hidden, or to place such texts in their broader context. During my education I have closely studied the evolution of the treatment of women in both France and Russia. It seems natural for me to advance as a thesis proposal comparative research into the influence of French and American 20th Century literature on the condition of women in France and the US, and to determine the impact that this had on other groups of society. This topic would allow me to examine issues ranging from personal and group identities to politics and philosophy. I will also be able to bring into such research my own background, as I have also studied extensively Russian authors like Chekhov who also focus on these issues in plays like Three Sisters or Uncle Vanya. I take a great interest in research work, may it be for my courses at university or during my internship in New Orleans, and find it both challenging and extremely rewarding. I have always wanted o graduate from such a prominent institution as Tulane University, which has a well- deserved reputation for excellence. More specifically, study in New Orleans, with Ph. D. in French Studies from Tulane University would constitute both a highly beneficial experience for me and an additional step towards becoming an expert in French literary culture and thought, possibly working in the academic field or within the broader intellectual community. am motivated and extremely hard working, and would relish the opportunity to study at your institution. I am grateful for your consideration.

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Essay Example

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Paper Life is play ; playing functions in relation to other people. Interest in the interaction of linguistic communication and action. Symbolic Interactionist—Language is symbolic action. â€Å"Verbal symbols are meaningful Acts of the Apostless from which motivations can be derived ( Griffin. p. 329 ) . † â€Å"Human beings†¦are a symbol-creating. symbol-using. and symbol misusing animate being ( Littlejohn. 1978. p. 69 ) . † A theory of Motives—why do people move ( peculiarly rhetorically ) the manner they do? Assess motivations. Texts/Speeches created by people to â€Å"DO SOMETHING. † Can be analyzed to find what it is they are seeking to make. Distinguishes human â€Å"Action† from Animal â€Å"Motion† We will write a custom essay sample on Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Action MotionDone on intent ; Behaviors that are non-voluntary behaviour purposeful/non-meaningfule. g. DramatismAll animate beings and objectsPeoplehave gesture Forms of ThoughtThe survey of gesture is?mechanismUnderstood through motivations? Pentad( tool for understanding motivations ) Motivation: Linguistic Merchandise of Rhetorical Action Created a Grammar of Motives ( â€Å"grammar† significance regulations. rules. elements. construction and/or book ) Motivations are viewed by Burke in footings of internal beginnings of action ; but instead in footings of how linguistic communication and footings are used to do actions apprehensible. Guilt as Motive: guilt is an â€Å"all-purpose word for any feeling of tenseness within a person—anxiety. embarrassment. self-hatred. disgust. etc. ( Littlejohn. 1978. p. 70 ) . † We communicate to purge ourselves of guilt. Guilt arises out of linguistic communication. Three beginnings of guilt:1. The Negative: Language allows for regulations. ethical motives. etc. that surround us and we can’t escape violating. 2. The Principle of Perfection: Language allows us to â€Å"imagine† the ideal ( should ) . 3. The Principle of Heirarchy: Structure society with viing category and group differentiations We seek salvation ( cut down or extinguish guilt ) through communication/rhetoric/dramatism 1. Chagrin: self-blame 2. Victimage: external enemy is the beginning 3. Scapegoating: incrimination other ( s )Substance: general nature of a thing Consubstantiation: ( shared substance. commonalty ) Designation: ( same as consub ) grades of ; witting or unconscious ;1 ) stuff identification—goods. ownerships. things2 ) idealistic identification—values. thoughts. feelings. attitudes3 ) formal identification—form or agreement ofact/conventions ; functions. imposts. etc. Division—differences with others ( beginning of guilt ) FiveTool for understanding motivations Act SceneAgent Agency Purpose ( Six: Attitude: delayed or inchoate action ) Statement of motivations will reply: What was done ( act ) . when or where it was done ( scene ) . who did it ( agent ) . how it was done ( bureau ) . and why it was done ( intent ) .

Is Stanford an Ivy League School Is Duke MIT

Is Stanford an Ivy League School Is Duke MIT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Most people have at leastheard of theIvy League, but not everyone knows which schools belong to the venerable group. Is Stanford Ivy League? Is Duke Ivy League? Is MIT Ivy League? In this article, we'll answer these questions and more as we take a look atwhich schools comprise the world-renowned Ivy Leagueand which schools are most often mistaken forIvy League institutions.We'll also explore what being in the Ivy League means for schools and how Ivy League schools compare with those not in the Ivy League in terms ofnational rankings and selectivity. Is Stanford Ivy League? What About Duke and MIT? Contrary to what you might think, none of these schools are in the Ivy League.But thisdoesn't mean that Stanford, Duke, and MIT are not prestigious schools; rather, it simply means they're not affiliated with theIvy League. Confused? Let’s begin by looking at what the Ivy League is and why it was formed. The Ivy League (often called the Ivies) is a consortium of eight private universities based inthe northeast region of the US.Itsmembers are as follows: Brown University Columbia University Cornell University Dartmouth College Harvard University Princeton University University of Pennsylvania Yale University All Ivy League schools are extremely selective and highly ranked- but this wasn’t the initial motivation behind the schools’ unification. The Ivy League (or the â€Å"Ivy Group,† as it was once called) originated as an athletic conference back in the 1950s. Over the years, the phrase has come to be associated with more general notions of prestige, selectivity, and academia due to the esteemed reputations of its members. Essentially, "Ivy League" is nothing more than aname for this particular group of schools- that’s it! While Stanford, Duke, and MIT are all clearly prestigious schools with high national rankings and low selectivity rates comparable to those of Ivy League schools, they are notIvy League schools simplybecause they are not members of the Ivy League. Of course, thisdoesn't stoppeople fromassuming they're Iviesdue to their many similarities! Ultimately, though,no matter how prestigious or competitive a school is, if it’s not one of the eight schools listed above, then it is not an Ivy League school. Even ifa school soundslike it could be an Ivy, that doesn't mean it actually is one! What Schools Are Often Mistaken for Ivy League Schools? Stanford, Duke, and MIT are not the only schools often thought to belong to the Ivy League. Other schools commonly mistaken for those in the Ivy League are those that are: Highly ranked and extremely selective. Ivies are almost always ranked in the top 15 nationally, with acceptance rates below15%. Schools commonly mistaken for Ivies tend to be those with similar rankings and acceptance rates- sometimes despite not even being located in the northeast where the Ivy League is based. Located in or near the northeast. All Ivies are in the northeast, but not all schools in the northeast are Ivies! Highly acclaimed or well-known schools in Massachusetts, New York, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and other nearby states are often mistakenly assumedto belong to the Ivy League. Below is a chart containing all Ivy League schools and those commonly believed to beIvies. I've included each school's location, US News ranking, and acceptance rate so that you can easily compare Ivies with non-Ivies. TheIvy League schools have beenbolded for clarity. School Location US News National Ranking(2019) Acceptance Rate Princeton Princeton, NJ 1 6% Harvard Cambridge, MA 2 5% Columbia New York, NY 3 (tie) 6% MIT Cambridge, MA 3 (tie) 7% University of Chicago Chicago, IL 3 (tie) 7% Yale New Haven, CT 3 (tie) 6% Stanford Stanford, CA 7 4% Duke Durham, NC 8 (tie) 8% UPenn Philadelphia, PA 8 (tie) 8% Johns Hopkins Baltimore, MD 10 (tie) 10% Northwestern Evanston, IL 10 (tie) 8% Caltech Pasadena, CA 12 (tie) 8% Dartmouth Hanover, NH 12 (tie) 9% Brown Providence, RI 14 (tie) 8% Vanderbilt Nashville, TN 14 (tie) 9% Cornell Ithaca, NY 16 (tie) 11% Rice Houston, TX 16 (tie) 16% Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 18 19% UCLA Los Angeles, CA 19 (tie) 16% Washington University in St Louis St. Louis, MO 19 (tie) 16% Emory Atlanta, GA 21 22% Georgetown Washington, DC 22 (tie) 16% UC Berkeley Berkeley, CA 22 (tie) 17% USC Los Angeles, CA 22 (tie) 16% Carnegie Mellon Pittsburgh, PA 25 (tie) 22% Tufts Medford, MA 27 (tie) 15% University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 27 (tie) 27% NYU New York, NY 30 (tie) 21% Boston College Chestnut Hill, MA 38 (tie) 28% College of William Mary Williamsburg, VA 38 (tie) 37% Boston University Boston, MA 42 (tie) 25% Penn State* University Park, PA 59 (tie) 50% Amherst Amherst, MA 2 (National Liberal Arts Colleges) 13% Vassar Poughkeepsie, NY 11 (tie) (National Liberal Arts Colleges) 24% *This school, though not as selective as the others in this table, is sometimes mistaken for the University of Pennsylvania (also called Penn)- one of the eight Ivy League schools- due to its similar name. As you can see, Ivy League schools generally stick to the top 15 positions of nationally ranked universities, with most of them in the top 10.Additionally, all Ivy League schools are extremely selective; the lowest acceptance rate for an Ivy is just 5% for Harvard, while the highest acceptance rate is 11% for Cornell. This table also indicates thatthere are many schools that are just as good as, if not better than, Ivy League schools- which explainswhy schools such as Stanford and MIT are frequently confused for Ivies. For example, MIT and the University of the Chicago are currently ranked #3, tied with Columbia and Yale and beating out five other Ivies! Similarly, Stanford, Duke, Johns Hopkins, and Northwestern are all ranked fairly highly at #7, #8, #10, and #10, respectively, giving them rankings equal to or higher than Dartmouth, Brown, and Cornell. Stanford (not an Ivy) gets the award for most selective school with a mere 4% acceptance rate.That being said, after Stanford, the most selective schools on this list are all Ivies: Harvard (5%), Princeton (6%), Columbia (6%), and Yale (6%). Lastly,this table shows us thatschools are sometimes mistaken for Ivies due to their beingin the northeast.Examples of such schools include the highly selective Johns Hopkins, Amherst, and Georgetown, in addition to someslightly less selective (but popular and prestigious) schools such as NYU and Boston University. Ivies and non-Ivies are like two different flavors of cookies: they may be different, but they're both equally delicious! Recap: Is Duke Ivy League? Is MIT Ivy League? Stanford, Duke, MIT, and many other well-known universitiesare often mistaken for Ivy League schools due to their superior academic reputations and high selectivity. But in reality, the Ivy League consists of just eight extremely selective schools, which are alllocated in the northeast.Once again, these schools are as follows: Brown University Columbia University Cornell University Dartmouth College Harvard University Princeton University University of Pennsylvania Yale University Although the Ivy League is generally associated with prestige and high rankings, this doesn’t mean non-Ivies can't be as good as or even better than Ivies.Many non-Ivies, such asStanford and the University of Chicago, are actually ranked higher than Ivies and maintain similar (or even lower!) acceptance rates. Ultimately,the Ivy League is just a name for a particular group of schools that just so happen to share strong rankings and low acceptance rates.When it comes down to it, any top-tier school- Ivy or otherwise- is an excellent choice for college! What’s Next? Want to make a great impression on the Ivy League?Learn what a good SAT/ACT score is for the Ivy League, and get tips on what classes you should take in high schoolin order to impress admissions committees. Ready to apply to a top-tier school?Awesome!Now all you need is some step-by-step advice. Check out our in-depth guides on how to get into the Ivy Leagueand how to get into Stanford- both written by admitted applicantsto these schools! Want to stand apart from other applicants?Learnhow to score aperfect 1600 on the SAT, so you can increase your shot at getting into the school of your dreams! Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

Spanish Verbs Meaning to Begin

Spanish Verbs Meaning to Begin Spanish has two everyday verbs that can be used for to begin or to start: empezar and comenzar. They usually can be used interchangeably. Although empezar is more common than comenzar, comenzar doesnt come across as conspicuously formal like its English cognate, commence. Both empezar and comenzar are conjugated irregularly. Correct Way to Use Empezar and Comenzar To say to begin to do something, you can use either of the verbs followed by the preposition a and an infinitive: El web empieza a generar dinero. The website is beginning to generate money. ¿A quà © hora empezà ³ a nevar? At what time did it begin to snow?Cuando llegamos a Quito, comenzaba a llover. When we arrived at Quito, it was beginning to rain.Uruguay comienza a estudiar la produccià ³n de energà ­a nuclear. Uruguay is beginning to study the production of nuclear energy.Empiezo a pensar por ti mismo. I am beginning to think just like you.La inflacià ³n va a empezar muy pronto a bajar. Inflation is going to begin to drop very soon. Each verb can stand by itself without an object: La lluvia empieza a caer ms y ms fuerte. The rain is beginning to fall harder and harder.El mitin comenzà ³ finalmente a las 10 de la noche. The meeting finally began at 10 p.m.Bueno, pues sà ­, empezamos con esto. Good, then, lets get started with it. (Literally, with this.)La boda comenzar a las 12:30 hora local. The wedding will begin at 12:30 local time. When either verb is followed by a gerund, it often has the meaning of to begin by or to start out: Empezà ³ estudiando en el taller del escultor famoso. She started out studying in the famous sculptors studio.Comencà © trabajando 10 horas por dà ­a como limpiadora de casa. I started out working 10 hours per day as a housecleaner.Empezamos corriendo juntos el primer kilà ³metro. We begin by running the first kilometer together. Although probably not as common as in English, the two verbs can also take direct objects to indicate what is getting started: Tiene muchos consejillos para comenzar un negocio. He has many tips for starting a business.La ciudad empezà ³ la reparacià ³n de la calles en abril. The city began the street repairs in April. Other Verbs for To Begin As just shown, you often can use the verbs to refer to beginning an activity with the activity as the object of the verb. But it is also common to use the verb emprender for that purpose. Emprender is especially common when referring to the beginning of travel. No quiere emprender la tarea sin ayuda. He doesnt want to do the task without help.Dentro de unos minutos emprendo el viaje. Within a few minutes I begin the trip.Emprendieron el reto de construir un proyecto conjunto. They began the challenge of building a project together.Emprendà ­ el vuelo en direccià ³n hacia donde el sol se pone. I began the flight in the direction of the sunset. The verb originarse often translates to begin when it is used to mean to originate: El problema se originaba cuando navegaba ciertas pginas web. The problem started when I was going to certain web pages.La crisis econà ³mica mundial se originà ³ en EEUU. The world economic crisis began in the U.S. Use of Verb Tense To Indicate Beginning Often, when speaking of events in the past, the preterite tense is used in preference to the imperfect to indicate that an activity began. A form of begin isnt necessarily used in translation, however. A common example is the verb conocer, which often means to know a person. The difference between Conocà ­a a Katrina and Conocà ­ a Katrina is roughly the difference between I knew Katrina and I began to know Katrina. Typically, the second sentence would be translated as I met Katrina. Other examples: Yo tenà ­a calor. (I was warm.) Tuve calor. (I began to be warm. I got warm.)Ella sabà ­a la verdad. (She knew the truth.) Supo la verdad. (She began knowing the truth. She found out the truth.) This concept is further explained in the lesson on using the past tense with certain verbs.

Toyota Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Toyota - Essay Example To be specific about the operational aspects of Toyota, major focus areas involve its ‘supply chain management’: outsourcing to externalize its direct costs and lowering down the market risks to least. Effectively established Just-in-time (JIT) set-up to minimize inventory costs and reducing wastes, further, keeping a look at the suppliers’ channel to avoid any risks and errors. Adding to this, Toyota preferred delegating its tasks singly to the concerned specialist workers rather than giving multiple tasks to single worker. This helped in reducing errors as each task was handled by its specialist. Toyota constantly kept on identifying its errors and designing the related handling processes. Reducing process timing and increase in inventory turnover through kanban was also well-practiced by Toyota. Toyota ensures safety, environmental concern, quality performance of products and other essential attractions on affordable prices, by collecting the needs and expectat ions directly from the customers. Hence, the primary contact with the users bring the ‘customer involvement policy’ of Toyota which entitles ‘Customer First’ as its focus-line of working, clarifying that it leads to ‘Quality’ which is a distinguishing characteristic of Toyota products.

Care analysis Acute Appendicitis of a 77 year old woman Research Paper

Care analysis Acute Appendicitis of a 77 year old woman - Research Paper Example This ultimately leads to accumulation of pus and necrotic tissue. In advanced cases, appendix can perforate and the pus can ooze into the peritoneal cavity leading to peritonitis, sepsis and other consequences (Craig, 2010). B. At least 4 symptoms of acute appendicitis. Answer the question why does the body develops each symptom? Explain the reason for the development of each symptom? Pain is the most important symptom in appendicitis. The pain typically begins in the navel and then shifts to right lower quadrant. Pain in umbilicus is related to inflammation of the peritoneum surrounding the appendix. Later, the whole organ gets inflammed and hence the pain shifts to the right lower quadrant, at the McBurney's point, the anatomical location of appendix. Nausea and vomiting are other important symptoms and occur due to irritation of the peritoneum covering the appendix. Fever is an indication of infection of the appendix and impending rupture due to accumulation of pus (Craig, 2010). C. The medications provided to the patient were (all intravenous) Protonix, magnesium sulfate, Unasyn, and Azactam, Lasix. Based on the symptoms written above why do you think the Dr. ordered these meds? Compared the treatment provided above with what the Medical-surgical literature of acute appendicitis says about managing this condition.

Cultural Differences in Body Language Essay Example for Free

Cultural Differences in Body Language Essay Do you know what I am doing? (thumbs up to the side – Hitch hiking). When I do this, most of you would think it means â€Å"good job†. But in the middle east, for example in Iran, it’s an insult similar to â€Å"the middle finger†. Good evening Madam Toastmaster, fellow toastmasters and guests, tonight let’s look at body language in different cultures. Do you agree that gestures can communicate as effectively as words? I agree. Some might argue, it maybe even more than words. However we must be aware different culture has different body language. Therefore, in our personal and business lives, careful consideration must be given to whom we are with and where they are from. A question that we might ask is; do we expect other cultures to adapt to our customs and protocol, or are we willing to make an extra effort to learn more about how they prefer to communicate? It wouldnt be the first time that someone who wasnt familiar with the communication customs of another country, found themselves in a rather embarrassing situation. Many years ago, President Richard Nixon arrived in a foreign country. Upon his arrival, he stood at the top of the stairs leading from his aircraft door, and overlooked the welcoming crowd gathered below him. He smiled and proudly raised both hands high in the air, palms facing outward and gave a gesture of his trademark famous Peace sign (as he had done many times before while travelling abroad). However the crown immediately began to jeer and hiss at the President, and he found himself on the receiving end of a hostile and rude welcome. Could you imagine how he felt? The reason was because in the country he was visiting, the two fingered, palms outward Peace sign, which was acceptable in North America, was an absolutely offensive gesture to the local people in that African country. This would have been the equivalent of a president from another country visiting New Zealand, and with a smile, flipped the bird which in their country might have meant greetings. As a member of the audience, how might you react? In North America, a simple thumbs up gesture can mean that things are great or a hitchhiking sign which indicates I need a ride. However, in Greece, this gesture signifies up yours when accompanied with a rapid upward and slower downward motion. The gesture for YES is often thought to be universal, however in India they wobble their heads from side to side to say yes. Correct me if I’m wrong my Indian friends. There are also variations in saying no. In Greece they toss their head up. In Japan, they wave their hands in front of their nose like ur gesture for stinky. Or, how about the OK sign where the index finger and the thumb connect to make an O shape and the three remaining fingers point up and slightly flare out. Although acceptable in Western culture to signal that things are A-OK, in Russia or Turkey, this gesture can represent a sexual insult. specifically an orifice (thats as far as Ill go with that). In China you may see two men walk hand in hand or with an arm around anothers shoulder. This is a sign of friendship. However, the situation is regarded as homosexual in American culture. In some countries such as France or Italy, it is acceptable to exchange a kiss on one or both cheeks while shaking hands when greeting one another. In other countries such as Japan, this type of behavior is considered impolite as the Japanese are considered to be a non-touch society relative to other cultures. The Japanese have a respectful custom to bow to each other. The most senior status person bows the least and the least status person having to bow first and display the deepest bend from the waist. Business cards are exchanged and read first in a complex formality. This ritual is to determine the seniority, position or rank of everyone in the room first. Then the bowing gesture commences based on the information read. For example, let’s say Tony Cooper is the CEO of Mitsubishi Motors in Japan. I am a small department manager from Fontera†¦the process is: So as you can see, it is really important to know your audience. If you are traveling to other countries, you need to be aware that some of the most commonly acceptable gestures at home can have a completely different meaning to someone from abroad. Demonstrating a sound knowledge of the cultural differences in nonverbal communication will get you noticed and others will appreciate that you are both respectful and prepared. Tonight you’ve learnt as least one thing: be careful if you thumb a ride in Greece O Take the time and invest in a little research to become culturally educated. By doing this you will be able to: Save the embarrassment. (i. e. Be careful if you thumb a ride in Greece O) Gain the competitive edge. A little research can go a long way prior to traveling abroad on business. Surely it helps if you are willing to make an extra effort to learn more about how they prefer to communicate. As the saying goes, In Rome, do like the Romans do. Get to know your audience and their customs. Remember in business, its about being prepared and establishing rapport quickly. Understanding body language in different culture might be the very thing that tips the scales in your favor and will give you the competitive edge youre looking for.

A Look Into Kingston :: essays papers

A Look Into Kingston Kingston has been the home to many famous reggae artists. Why do so many artists come from Kingston? Does it say something about the message of the music and or the conditions in Kingston that also encompasses trench town? Background of Kingston Kingston is located on the southern side of the island of Jamaica and is protected from the strong northeast trade winds by the vast Blue Mountain ranges. The city of Kingston stretches for more than 50 mi including 10-mi long harbor. This makes for a diverse community of fisherman as well as street vendors and many unemployed people. Kingston is the largest and one of the most diverse cities in the English-speaking Caribbean. More than half a million people populate Kingston of different decent ranging from African, Asian, European, and Middle Eastern roots. The city's tremendous growth during the 20th century has produced severe overcrowding, persistent unemployment, and violent crime. Poverty has devastated Jamaica's black majority and nowhere is this more apparent than in the ghettos of Kingston. European colonialism set up a society of racial stratification and current residents of Kingston have to deal with historic tensions between the city's black and brown residents. Kingston of today is a direct result of the organized racial and cultural segregation that began more than 300 years ago, when Jamaica was a British colony. Many of the social and political changes that have swept Jamaica since 1692 have occurred first in Kingston, often in reaction to organized political protests. The history of Kingston itself represents the legacy of slavery and the efforts by black and brown Jamaicans to find freedom and equality in a nation haunted by what's left of colonialism. Kingston was founded in the summer of 1692, after a large earthquake destroyed the coastal city of Port Royal. From the beginning Kingston was run by Jamaica's white elite, mostly sugar planters from England. The city was created to serve the social and economic interests of white planters. Residential segregation in the form of a color-class system, beginning in 1692, served to reinforce cultural separation. (Henriques, 32) During the first half of the 18th century Kingston saw an influx of Jewish merchants, white sugar planters, African slaves, and a small amount of free blacks in the colored community. Kingston served as a trading post for the Transatlantic Slave Trade and this was one of their main trades.

Dealing with a Difficult Patient

Regardless of what professional field you are working in these tips could be helpful to you; because any job you get you will always be around other people so you should know how to control a bad situation. The physicians say that 15% of their encounters with patients are rated as difficult. When dealing with a â€Å"difficult† patient you must recognize the signs of anger, know what you should do so the situation doesn’t escalate, and get down to the root of the problem with the patient.The first step in dealing with an angry patient is recognizing the signs of anger, knowing the physical, verbal, and characteristics of a patient who is more likely to have an outburst. Clenching fists, fidgeting, breathing rapidly, tense posture, and tightening of the jaw are some of the easiest physical signs to look for. If you recognize these signs try to get to the root of the problem before things escalate to the verbal clues. Verbal signs may be raising his voice, yelling, saying mean or rude things to you; try to stay calm and not yell back let him vent his anger then try to resolve the situation.Patients that have problems with depression, anxiety, go into defense mode, being resistant with you, or their attitude may change from being happy and talkative to being quiet and short; these are the patients to watch for. Anger problems, stress, or anxiety can cause someone to be edgy when they get bad news or news that they do not agree with. Always remember, â€Å"Some people don’t like not having control over a situation. † (Forest, 2012) When someone is having health problems or they get bad news from the doctor they are more likely to get angry, although you cannot control what happens with your health; you can control how to handle it.There are many things that could cause a patient to get angry such as diagnosis, treatment, or even personal problems in the past or the present. A patient’s diagnosis can cause them to lose control if t hey hear they may lose their mobility, their symptoms have gotten worse, or losing their independence. Nobody wants to hear they are sick or that bad things could happen and when they do hear those things its triggers a negative emotion in them.Issues with their treatments may also be a trigger for anger if their treatment isn’t working how they think it should, the doctor changes their treatment, or they want to start treatment immediately but physically it isn’t possible; patients want things done how they want them and if it’s not done in that way it can erupt into a verbal altercation. Personal issues such as being abused as a child, growing up in a dysfunctional family, or losing someone close to them to an illness can cause people not to trust doctors and nurses.Personality disorders, strong emotions, having extreme behavior, or returning frequently with troubling problems are also signs that they could be a â€Å"difficult† patient. You have to rec ognize the signs of things that could trigger someone to get angry and prepare yourself in case things do get out of hand in those situations. As a professional in the medical field you must learn how to correctly deal with a situation if it gets out of hand, you have to listen, know how to handle your own temper, and learn the correct things to say so you don’t make the situation escalate even further.You have to listen to their words to try to get down to the root of the problem and don’t interrupt or ignore what they are saying. Ask them what they think will help fix the problem. (HPSC, 2012) Asking their solution shows that you care what they are saying so that’s a good way to go about calming them down. To ensure that the encounter isn’t going to escalate never show your angry, keep your hands down at your sides, keep some distance, maintain eye contact, and always be professional; the moment you lose control they will realize it.When you’re t alking to them m ake sure he knows that you understand by saying something like â€Å"I understand you concerns but.. ,† also call him by name it shows respect. Another thing you can do is explain his treatment in detail so you know he understands the problem and maybe that will even give him his solution. You can try to control the outcome of the situation by your actions and words; you just have to learn the correct way of going about it.While working in an office setting you will encounter patients that don’t agree with what you may say or do; but you have to learn how to manage the situation in a professional manner, without letting your anger get involved. You have to be the stronger person and say sir what can I do to make this experience better for you? You have to talk calmly and know the correct words to say to make sure the conflict can be resolved. If you have too many issues you may have to call in someone else to intervene; which in some cases is the smart thing to do.

The Koran

It is said that the Koran (or Quran) was delivered by Allah to Muhammad. Much like the Bible is to Christians; the Koran delivers to Muslims guidance on how to live a virtuous life, as well as being a historical text of events in the area, and those which occurred around the Prophet Muhammad. It is said that to understand the differences between the Muslim sects, it is relevant to delve into Islamic history. â€Å"Some basic issues within Islam today, such as the strife between Sunni and Shia Muslims began at this time and better understanding of how the disputes began is needed.† (Biedzynski, 2005). Theological scholars will often discuss the correlation of different religions within texts and history, but it is evident within the Suras of the Koran, that not only were Jews and Christians recognized, but many biblical names are also mentioned, including Jesus, Moses and Mary. In fact, the Koran recognizes many similar figures for the same reasons Christianity and Judaism does , which perhaps serves as a further example on the connection all three religions have in recounting historical events.The fundamentals of Islam are perhaps best explored through the principles governed by the Five Pillars of Islam. Essentially these are: a profession of faith, prayer, fasting, pilgrimage and charity. In order for a Muslim to be considered for heaven, and their place with Allah, it is vital for them to adhere to the Five Pillars. The first, Shahadah, or tenet of Islam, is often recited in prayer, and is an affirmation made that Mohammad is the Prophet of Allah, and there is only Allah. Arguably, this is an important pillar, and fundamentally the foundation of all Islamic practices.The second pillar, or Salat, is not only the act of praying five times a day, but is also regarded in death, and an act of purification of the spirit, as mentioned in Sura 87, â€Å"prosperous indeed is he who purifies himself recollects the name of his Lord and performs prayers† (l ines 14-15). There is no division in prayer, only unity:â€Å"The words of the prayer are, essentially, those of Surat Al-Fatihah and other parts of the Quran chosen by the devotee. Thus our prayers become Allah’s words. The prayers in the form of the Friday prayer are also a weekly lesson in human equality and community solidarity† (Ayoub, 116).Zakat, or almsgiving is the Third Pillar of Islam. It is the form of charity that is practiced not only during Ramadan, but annually. The concept is to ease economic stress on the less fortunate, and is considered as an act of the virtuous who â€Å"have faith in the unseen, observe regular worship, and give alms of that which we have bestowed upon them† (2:3). The concept begins with the notion that everything belongs to Allah, and people are merely looking after it – from this earth to financial success. As is often said of charity beginning at home, the concept of zakat also starts at home, and closest friends and relations, before branching out into the community, or as stated in the Koran, â€Å"they thus give food for love of Him to the destitute, orphan, and captive† (76:8).Whilst zakat and charity is made during Ramadan, the holy month is best observed through fasting. It is the forth Pillar of Islam, and is a similar notion in remembering those less fortunate around us. It is also a significant month, historically:â€Å"Fasting, however, has a crucial significance for Muslims. It was during the month of Ramadan that Allah granted victory to Muslims over the Makkan associators in the Battle of Badr† (p125).It was also during Ramadan, that the Koran was given to Muhammad, as noted in Sura 2. During Ramadan, it is significant that Muslims remain pure, and abstain from sexual intercourse, ill tempers or bad language. They also fast from sunrise to dusk, and offer charity to their community and family.The final Pillar of Islam is the Hajj, a pilgrimage which should be made at least once in a lifetime by every Muslim. The journey involves a pilgrimage to Mecca, and the Ka’ba built there. Historically, the pilgrimage reminds Muslims of Ibrahim, and retracing of the steps he made. Rituals within the Hajj also retrace Hajar’s search for water in the barren mountains. Sura 3 speaks of how it is an ‘obligation’ for people to perform the pilgrimage, and also details how Muhammad made his first Hajj. Pilgrims who complete the annual Hajj are considered to be ‘reborn’, and able to start anew. It is considered a cleansing, but is also historically poignant:â€Å"During the Hajj important religious and political movements were born, momentous decisions and ideas were taken and exchanged, and crucial calls to jihad in the way of Allah and against oppression, tyranny and wrong were proclaimed. The Hajj is our teacher, our social and political guide, and a source of blessing in our lives† (p129).There are many things w ithin Islam that are considered taboo, the consumption of pork and the act of suicide are two of them. Such things are called â€Å"haram†, and are labeled as forbidden acts that detract from the fundamentals of Islam. Pork is forbidden, quite simply because it is considered unclean. The Koran matter-of-factly states, â€Å"He has forbidden for you only carrion and blood and swine-flesh and that which has been immolated in the name of any other than Allah; but he who is driven thereto, neither craving nor transgressing† (16:114-115).As for suicide, Muhammad speaks of an eternity in what can be considered Hell. People, who committed suicide, would spend their days reliving the experience. â€Å"He who commits suicide by throttling shall keep on throttling himself in the Hell Fire (forever) and he who commits suicide by stabbing himself shall keep on stabbing himself in the Hell-Fire† (Sahih Bukhari 2.446). It is with this in mind, that the concept of Jihad should be explored.Jihad in itself is war (and defense) on the behalf of Islam. It is something that was often declared against those who cause ill towards a community, or as subtle as protecting a community against non-Muslims, or cleansing the soul of ill-thought and sin. In recent times, it has been extorted and abused by violence. The main aim of jihad in society is to eradicate wrongdoing and oppression (Ayoub, 191). Jihad is therefore an affirmation through action to Allah and Islam, as considered in Sura 47, â€Å"if you lend support to Allah, he shall grant you support and firmly strengthen your steps† (47:7). Jihads could involve absolving sin through study of the Koran, or sacred texts; and even through the act of the Hajj, to cleanse through action. Jihad, as it is portrayed today, is only one form, and often times not fully considered under Islamic Law.Islamic Law is what governs Muslim society, and understandably, it adheres to what appears in the Koran. Suras 4 and 5 outline measures that should be undertaken through accidental death, murder and stealing. Concepts such as compensation or blood-money, for example, are paid out to the family of one accidentally killed. Stealing, was dealt as a stark punishment, however, with a thief losing the hand they used to steal with: â€Å"And the male thief and the female thief, cut off their hand as a recompense for that which they committed, a punishment by way of example from Allah. And Allah is All-Powerful, All-Wise† (5:38).The Koran, and specifically Islam’s relationship with Christianity and Judaism, outlines the historical relevance to the connections the religion has with them. It does not dispute their existence, or indeed significant people within both religious texts, rather it is almost reliant on them:â€Å"The Qu’ran sees itself not only as depending on the Torah and Gospel for its own claim to authenticity, but also as ‘confirming’ the truth which they cont ain while at the same time superceding them. [..] We need to interpret our scriptures in ways that promote a meaningful dialogue which will lead to a true fellowship of faith† (98-99)Many Muslims today acknowledge resemblances in religious practices, or are often comforted to find similarities. The same can be said vice-versa, though as more people from Judaic and Muslim background learn that not only do their scriptures acknowledge each other, but have similarities in prayer: â€Å"Men and women sit separately. Services can be led by any male member of the community. In mosques, as in synagogues, Orthodox or not, there are no human symbols of God† (Hirschfield, 2006).It should also be considered, that many within Judaism and Islam need only look within their own verses to see the similarities- or as noted by a filmmaker keen to see open-dialogue, â€Å"educated by Muslims about the 99 names for God and the stories of Muhammad, Ms. Broyde-Sharone tries, in turn, to edu cate Jews about Islam. It is not a hateful monolith, she emphasizes. It is diverse just as Judaism is diverse† (Hirschfield, 2006).The same can be argued for the appearance of Jesus within the Koran, and the religious ‘divide’ between the Bible and the Koran. Many Suras speak of not only him, but of Mary as well. â€Å"A verse in the Quran says, â€Å"Behold! The angels said, ‘O Mary! God gives you glad tidings of a Word from Him. His name will be Jesus Christ, the son of Mary, held in honor in this world and the Hereafter and in (the company of) those nearest to God.'†Ã¢â‚¬ (Oakland Tribune, 2003).The foundation of Islam not only lies within the text of the Koran, but also within each individual Muslim and their interpretations of the text. Whilst Muslim countries and communities seem to have differing opinions on the taboo of suicide, or the overwhelming support of a ‘jihad’, the Pillars of Islam remain intact as a guiding frame of th e religion. Like Judaism and Christianity, Islam and practitioners are influenced by their own communities, history and political leaders, so it is perhaps no surprise that all three monolithic religions look to each other for validation.ReferencesMuslim musings on Jesus, Bible(s) and Dan BrownOakland Tribune. Jun 23, 2006. FindArticles.com. 25 Sep. 2007. (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4176/is_20060623/ai_n16507597 )Ayoub, M. M., Islam: Faith and PracticeThe Open Press, Islamic Book Trust 2001.Biedzynski, J. Historical Atlas of Islam.Journal of Third World Studies. Fall 2005.Hirschfield, R. God and Allah need to talk: L.A. filmmaker spearheads Jewish-Muslim dialogue.National Catholic Reporter. Oct 6, 2006. FindArticles.com. 25 Sep. 2007. (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1141/is_43_42/ai_n17093198 )

Family Planning in China Essay Example

Family Planning in China Essay Example Family Planning in China Essay Family Planning in China Essay Some people see the policy as too harsh and that It Infringes on the peoples rights, but many Chinese feel that it is fair and even if they were allowed to have as many children as they anted, they would still choose only to have one (Levin). In this paper I will write about the many advantages of family planning, such as: the population control, the policy is gradually eradicating poverty, increased benefits for men and women, and it helped accelerate modernization; I will also discuss the problems that the Chinese government faced as the policy went In effect, for example: a demographic and sex imbalance, a decreased fertility rate, female infanticide, and an increasing amount of elderly compared to youth, or the 4-2-1 problem. Since the policy has first been introduced, Chinese officials have lightened the rules and now many of the problems have diminished. Chinas population-control policy was introduced in 1979 and restricts couples in urban areas to only one child. In rural areas, families are allowed to have two children If the first Is a girl. Other exceptions Include ethnic minorities and couples who both lack siblings themselves . The policy has meant that about one- third of Chinas 1. 3 billion citizens cannot have a second child without incurring a fine (Advisory). : The first reason that family planning has been beneficial, is that the population has been controlled; while it is still growing (China is home to almost 15th of the population), the birth rate has dropped significantly (Family). The Chinese government stated that since the late sass, family planning has reduced births per year by roughly 400 million (Enders). The policy has also been beneficial in that chinas fertility rate had fallen from 5. 8 births per woman In 1970 to 2. 8 births per woman in 1980, and now 1. 5 births per woman in 2014 (Enders). This has improved Chinas overpopulation by lowering population growth by around 24% since 2001 Population), compared to the rising population growth in the United States, which raised two percent since 2001 (Population). This shows that Chinas family planning policy has been successful In the way of controlling Its population and decreasing the birth rate by preventing women to have only one or two children. Another point In which family planning is helpful, is that it is eradicating poverty. Raising a child in China cost roughly 25,000 Yuan, or 4,030 U. S dollars, this is the equivalent of an average Chinese parents yearly income. By implementing the family planning policy, arenas are less burdened by any financial hardships that would come with a second or third child. Having fewer, healthier children can reduce the economic burden on poor families and allow them to Invest more In each childs care and consoling, knelling to Dread ten cycle AT pope A A study Day a Tamely planning organization showed that families living in villages with expanded family planning services had lower fertility and had prospered much more than families in villages with routine health services, where fertility remained higher. The smaller families had higher incomes and more savings. Youth in the lower-fertility villages had also completed more education, key for earning higher incomes as adults. This being said, Chinas one child policy has helped rural towns become less dragged down in the economic challenges faced with having several children (Kent). A third reason that this policy is successful is that it gives Chinese families more benefits. A woman can receive paid pregnancy leave for up to three years, couples can get a five to ten percent salary increase, the entire family is given free health care, the childs education is paid for, the family is placed in preferential housing, and the couple chives higher retirement pensions (Bluest 2). In addition to these benefits, rule- abiding parents can get a monthly stipend, preferential hospital treatment, first choice for government Jobs, extra land allowances and, in some case, free homes and a ton of free water a month (Watts). The Chinese government has even gone to the extent of giving the children of citizens who conform to the policy extra points on their middle school entrance exams (Kent). Many families choose to have only one child for many reasons, and the benefits received from having only one, can make the arenas decision. The fourth and final reason that family planning in China is beneficial is that it helped to accelerate modernization. Since there is a high price on education in China that many families cannot afford, many women and children are illiterate, so by limiting the number of kids that a family can have, and by earning the benefits from doing so, womens literacy rate has increased by almost 40 percent since the policy has been in effect (Literacy). With this increased literacy rate, there has been more room for new innovations and ideas to surface; this also results in omen having more Job opportunities and climbing higher in their Job positions, such as more female Coos. Some people feel like family planning in China is destructive and hurts more people than is worth it. Some of the issues of this policy include a demographic and sex imbalance, a decreased fertility rate, female infanticide, and the 4-2-1 problem. The first problem that the Chinese government faced was a demographic and sex imbalance. Many more baby boys are born in China than baby girls. China is not unique in this; other countries, notably India, have encountered similar problems without coercive population controls. But Chinese officials do not dispute that the one-child policy has played a role. Chinas strong cultural imperative for male offspring has led many families to do whatever they must to ensure that their one permissible child is a son. In the earliest days of the one-child policy, this sometimes meant female infanticide. As ultrasound technology spread, sex-selective abortions became widespread. The new census data show that little progress is being made to counter this trend. There were more than 118 boys for every 100 girls in 2010. This marks a slight increase over the 2000 level, and implies that, in about 20 or 25 years time, there will not be enough brides for almost a fifth of todays boys (Census). The second problem is the decreased fertility in women. In past years Chinese women were expected to have around 5. 8 children per person; Chinas fertility rate has fallen to an estimated 1. 5 children per couple, in line welt ten European average out Dwell ten 2 1 Tanat malignant a constant population and is more normal for a country at Chinas stage of development (Enders). With China ageing quickly, a higher birth rate is needed to underpin long-term social and economic stability. In the past, the state used harsh methods to stop its citizens having babies. In the future, it will have to find clever ways to encourage people to have them. Other countries, not least neighboring Japan, have struggled with that (UNAPT). Another issue, that is perhaps the biggest of them all, is the issue of female infanticide. This problem is also related to the sex imbalance. The Chinese government began to modify the policy in the mid-sass, allowing a second child in families whose first child was either a girl or disabled. This pairing of girl and disabled is hardly an accident. Masculinity is the crux of Chinese society sons not only carry on the family line, they also are expected to provide for their parents in old age. A daughter, once she marries, is obligated only to her husbands family. In other words, parents cannot rely on a daughter to help them in their old age. This dynamic combined with a one-child policy plus the kind of harsh economic realities often found in rural Chinese villages does not engender much love for daughters. The social message: Survival depends on sons, and daughters are only a burden. Given the ability to know the sex of their unborn children, many parents aborted female à ©tudes. Sadly, such abortions do not account for all of the missing girls in China. In Pearl S. Bucks The Good Earth, there is a scene where a Chinese father hears the first cry of his second daughter, followed by silence; sitting in another room unable to see what has happened, he nevertheless realizes his wife has killed their newborn girl. This may be fiction, but it is based on Chinas long history of infanticide. Trench H. Hull, a demographer and epidemiologist at the Australian National University, writes in his study, Recent Trends in Sex Ratios at Birth in China, Two centuries ago the reactive of exposing female infants to the elements was conducted openly, and missionaries recorded that thousands of such infants were abandoned in the streets of Beijing to be collected regularly by carriers who placed them in a large common grave outside the city. Between 1851 and 1948, about 5 percent of female babies were killed in this way (Cutis). Although female infanticide is rare these days, the intentional elimination of female offspring may still be occurring in a more insidious fashion: through slow starvation, ongoing neglect of sick girls or even complete abandonment (Cutis). Infanticide in itself is a huge problem; this ultimately leads to many of the other problems we see. The 4-2-1 problem surrounding the one-child policy means that only children will have to bear the responsibility of supporting both of their parents and, sometimes, all four of their grandparents in their old age, as they cannot rely on siblings to help them care for their aging family. Not Just in China, but worldwide, due to technological advancements and improved healthcare, people are living longer and therefore the size of the aging population is growing Advisory). The size of Chinas population aged sixty and above will grow by 100 million in Just 15 years (Wang). This augmentation in the number of elderly people will lead to an increasing demand for services and expenditures related to health care, the costs of which will fall upon Chinas only children (Wang). With one child providing for six other people in addition to him or her and their families, the financial burden will be demanding. The one-child policy has created a situation in Canaan In wanly tanner are too Tee young people to support a growing, aging population. Another problem created by the policy is that if an only child dies before his or her parents and grandparents, there will be no one to support them in their old age. The chance that an eighty year old Chinese man will outlive his 55-year-old son is 6%, and the likelihood an eighty year old woman will outlive her 55-year-old son is 17%, as women live longer (Wang). Without a child to support them in their old age, parents and grandparents will have fewer resources to pay for expenditures like health care. Many people feel that the one-child policy is challenged in principle ND in practice for violating a human right to determine the size of ones own family. According to a 1968 proclamation of the International Conference on Human Rights, Parents have a basic human right to determine freely and responsibly the number and the spacing of their children. In 2002, China outlawed the use of physical force to make a woman submit to an abortion or sterilization, but it is not entirely enforced. In the execution of the policy, many local governments still demand abortions if the pregnancy violates local regulations, or even force abortions on women violating the policy. Another problem with this policy is that Since the policy has first been implemented, China has decided to ease the policy, making several reforms. China announced the relaxation of the one-child policy in November of last year: if at least one of two parents is a single child, the couple may have two children. Provinces began implementing the new rule only in January this year (Chaw). About 270,000 couples applied for permission to have second children by the end of May, and 240,000 received it, according to the national family-planning commission. Since the Chinese government was fearful of a baby boom that would overwhelm hospitals and, eventually, schools, they have made the application process difficult. In the eastern city of Jinn, for instance, would-be parents must provide seven different documents, including statements from employers certifying their marital status. With 11 million couples suddenly eligible to have second children, some caution over easing policy may be understandable. As the process is simplified, more parents will choose to go through it. Analysts expect additional new births to rise toward 1 million a year over the next decade or so (Gogh). That is on top of todays average of 16 million births a year (Gogh). This change should help solve the problems faced now, such as the fertility crisis and the 4-2-1 problem. The one-child policy has ultimately been successful. It was necessary due to the fact that Chinas population was so rapidly growing and that the resources were being used up so quickly. The policy has helped slow the population growth rate, eradicate poverty in rural towns, given men and women alike increased benefits in health care, and helped to accelerate modernization by increasing womens literacy and introducing new Job opportunities. Some may say that this policy is detrimental and that it has only hurt China by adding a demographic and sex imbalance of more males than females, introducing a decreased fertility rate, creating increased female infanticide, and also introducing the 4-2-1 problem. Since the Chinese arent very big on religion, they have no religious conflict over the policy. Many families in China have expressed the notion that even though they are only technically allowed to have one child, they wouldnt want another one because of the responsibilities and debt that come with a second child. Children use up a lot of time and resources; the Chinese feel less Durance Day navels only one canny take up tenet attention. In a CNN article two women speak about the abortions the family planning policy implements, Its a rather common occurrence, [like eating] an ordinary kind of food. Theres nothing worth talking about and Its a very natural thing, like eating and drinking. Its not against the law. And its quite safe to have [an abortion. ]. Like these women, many other women feel that family planning is Just another law, and not a big deal. So why make it one? If these women are happy and dont feel like their rights are being infringed upon, who are we to tell them how to behave and feel?

Definition and Examples of Dysphemisms in English

Definition and Examples of Dysphemisms in English Dysphemism is the substitution of a more offensive or disparaging word or phrase for one considered less offensive, such as the use of the slang term shrink for psychiatrist. Dysphemism is the opposite of euphemism. Adjective: dysphemistic. Though often meant to shock or offend, dysphemisms may also serve as in-group markers to signal closeness. Linguist  Geoffrey Hughes points out that [a]lthough  this linguistic mode has been  established for centuries and the term dysphemism was first recorded in 1884, it has only recently acquired even a specialist currency,  being  unlisted in many general dictionaries and reference books (An Encyclopedia of Swearing, 2006). See Examples and Observations  below. Also, see: CacophemismConnotations and DenotationsCursingHow to Flatter an Audience With Euphemisms, Dysphemisms, and DistinctioPejorative LanguagePropagandaSwear Word EtymologyFrom the Greek, a non word Examples and Observations When applied to people, animal names are usually dysphemisms: coot, old bat, pig, chicken, snake, skunk, and bitch, for example.Euphemisms and Dysphemisms for DeathThere is virtually no aspect of human experience free from dysphemism. . . .Death generates such typical  euphemisms as to pass away, to pass on, to depart this life, go to ones Maker, and so on. Parallel dysphemisms would be to snuff it, to croak, and to push up daisies, since these allude graphically and cruelly to the physical aspect of death, down to breathing ones last, the death rattle, and being reincorporated into the cycle of nature.(Geoffrey Hughes,  An Encyclopedia of Swearing. Routledge, 2006)Dysphemisms and Stylistic DiscordSpeakers resort to dysphemism to talk about people and things that frustrate and annoy them, that they disapprove of and wish to disparage, humiliate and degrade. Curses, name-calling and any sort of derogatory comment directed towards others in order to insult or to wound them are all examples of dysphemism. Exclamatory swear words that release frustration or anger are dysphemisms. Like euphemism, dysphemism interacts with style and has the potential to produce stylistic discord; if someone at a formal dinner party were to publicly announce Im off for a piss, rather than saying Excuse me for a moment, the effect would be dysphemistic.(Keith Allan and Kate Burridge, Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge University Press, 2006) Gratuity and TipI used to think gratuity was a euphemism for tip until I discovered that I had got it the wrong way round, and that tip was a dysphemism for gratuity. . . . Gratuity is much older than tip, and originally meant a gift made to anyone, including an equal.(Nicholas Bagnall, Words. The Independent, December  3, 1995)Dysphemisms and SlangWhen we think of euphemisms, we think of words that are substituted because their connotations are less distressing than the words they replace. In slang you frequently have the opposite phenomenon, dysphemism, where a relatively neutral word is replaced with a harsher, more offensive one. Such as calling a cemetery a boneyard. Referring to electrocution as taking the hot seat would be another. . . . Even more dysphemistic would be to fry.(Interview with J. E. Lighter, American Heritage, October  2003)Dysphemisms in ContextA jocular approach to death is only dysphemistic if the Hearer can be expected to regard it as offensive. For inst ance, if a doctor were to inform close family that their loved one has pegged out during the night, it would normally be inappropriate, insensitive, and unprofessional (i.e., dysphemistic). Yet given another context with quite a different set of interlocutors, the same expression could just as well be described as cheerfully euphemistic.(Keith Allan and Kate Burridge, Euphemism and Dysphemism. Oxford University Press, 1991) Pronunciation: DIS-fuh-miz-im Also Known As: cacophemism

Leadership and Management Commitment Research Paper

Leadership and Management Commitment - Research Paper Example Without leadership and management commitment, the organization is destined to fail. Mannan and Lees (2005) highlights that some of the ways in which leadership and management commitment is demonstrated include providing safety a high profile, giving the organization managers safety goals, supporting organization managers whose main concern is safety as far as their decision making is concerned, operating an active audit system and take action in cases of deficiencies and incidents. Mannan and Lees (2005) argues that safety ought to be given a high profile and this can only be possible when various measures are put in place in addition to considering safety as the first item on the agenda of the organization’s meetings and also making sure that all the employees are informed of the actions taken by the management both in the initiation of, as well as in response to various safety matters. Burns (2002) argues that today’s organizational managers are generally aware of the significance of safety, including grave incident prevention. However; a great number of them are normally overwhelmed by the pressure to attain excellence in a number of key areas of performances within their organizations. Other than safety operations, their attentions as organizational leaders are normally focused on productivity, customer service, product quality and cost control. To complicate things further, these goals more often than not appear to be tension with each other, with organizational managers finding it difficult to improve performance in one particular area without adversely impacting on the others. It is therefore a workplace reality that dignified intentions by organizational managers are not enough to attain desired results within organization, and as a result managers ought to demonstrate effective leadership and

Behavioural Aspects of Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Behavioural Aspects of Marketing - Essay Example Even in the remote, unheard of societies, all people remain consumers with diverse interests and gullibility to get influenced in their decisions. Placing the consumers in the market place and psychologically dissecting their behaviour could be a cross-subject study of psychology, marketing and advertisement results. When we take consumers individually, it is necessary to take the perception and the factors influencing it. Learning and the resultant memory that motivates further action with changed or unchanged values that cause involvement and attitudes are very important. It is necessary to remember that this research region is very young, influx and energetic. It also is being 'constantly cross-fertilised' by external perspectives belonging to various disciplines. It is interesting to know the everyday activities of people. In one of the most influential works in the field, Solomon et al have impressively provided a comprehensive and contemporary detail of the currently prevalent consumer behaviour. The arguments are lively and practical while portraying the strategic marketing issues, diverse European values etc. They also provide a peek into the multi-dimensional European lifestyle, buying habits, marketing behaviour, their relationship with the global market and the behavioural fluctuations. They wrote in the preface: "The field of consumer behaviour is, to us, the study of how the world is influenced by the action of marketers. We're fortunate enough to be teachers and researchers whose work allows us to study consumers". This consumer behavioural insight has to be applied to our Whole Foods Market. USUAL BEHAVIOUR OF CONSUMERS The advertisements are so persuasive today that it is impossible not to listen or get influenced. Marketing opportunities, to a large extent are connected with the cultural dimensions that influence the behaviour issues and concepts. This does not mean that cultural compulsions do not change at all. We have seen that even in the rigidly religious countries, where almost everything is a taboo, consumer behaviour changes, but changes with ultimate slowness. Consumers are eager to new experiences, especially in the food region, with the recent food and nutrition knowledge. Solomon et al have drawn a multi-dimensional portrait of European consumers within which they have shown the European modern family structure and how it has influenced the household decision making. They have shown the traditional influence of the culture which still holds its own in addition to the influence and compulsions of income and the social class and how they command the consumer behaviour and individual decisions. Basic model of consumer decision making might follow the traditional path of problem recognition, search for the information, evaluation of alternatives, decision of choice, evaluation after the purchase and all these are adequately influenced or dictated by the values, lifestyle, cultural and cross-cultural differences. Habit forming products, non-habit forming products that are not purchased regularly fall into two different categories and are not influenced by the same decision making process. Then comes the power of

Cost and Benefits of Internal Recruitment for ACE Media Group Essay

Cost and Benefits of Internal Recruitment for ACE Media Group - Essay Example ACE Media Group will also save training and recruitment costs as the employee recruited will not need intensive training to perform his or her duties as a project lead in Malaysia. The director will only need to acclimatize to the foreign business environment but will not struggle to acquaint himself with the policies of the firm. The approach is also beneficial to the organization as it is much easier. The HR recruitment team will have access to sufficient information on potential candidates from its various branches across the world such as Sydney, UK, France Singapore and China. The availability of the information pool will make the selection process easier. In addition, internal recruitment will also facilitate succession planning. ACE Media group will incur several costs associated with internal recruitment. First, they would bear the opportunity costs linked to recruiting old talent who lack new perspectives acquired from outside the organization. Being that ACE Media Group is a big business, it is possible that internal politics will arise among interests groups, and this may jeopardize the unity of workers. Internal recruitment may not help in turning the company around as the recruited employee will tend to stick to the usual strategies and stale ideas due to inbreeding within the firm. External recruitment may bring to the company a new employee possibly a Malaysian who may not facilitate quick settlement in the foreign market due to local politics and prejudice.

5 Concepts Associated With Nutritional Health Health Essay

5 Concepts Associated With Nutritional Health Health Essay This is the type of malnutrition where there are more nutrients than are required for normal growth in a persons body. Thus, with the person taking in over nutrients, this means that he/she will be more likely to become overweight the fact that the foods that this person takes in are highly in caloric content. Over weight This is the enhanced body weight of the person in relation to his/ her weight. Hence, with the person being overweight, this means that this person is most likely to get coronary heart disease, stroke, and gall bladder disease and pregnancy complications. Therefore, a person to lower the risk of getting health problems due to being overweight, the person needs to make sure that he/she loses weight by doing regular exercise and eating healthy. obesity This is when a person has extremely high amount of body fat that is unhealthy. For that reason, with the person being obese, this person is also most likely to have serious medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, breathing problems, heart disease and stroke. Body mass index This calculates an individuals weight in relation to their height. It is very important that a person carries out BMI as he/she will be able to know whether he is overweight or not. Dietary reference values This gets to record the recommended nutritional intakes for UK population. Withal, the dietary reference values help to calculate approximately the amount of energy and nutrients needed by different groups of healthy people in UK population. P2 Describe the characteristics of nutrients and their benefits to the body. The kinds of nutrients which can be found in the persons body, these include of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fibre, vitamins and minerals. Carbohydrates The characteristics of carbohydrates are that there are two different types of carbohydrates and these are monosaccharide and polysaccharide. Monosaccharide these are simple carbohydrates composed of one sugar molecule such as glucose and fructose. Whilst, polysaccharide these are carbohydrates made up of a long chain of simple sugar molecules that are joined together. The examples of polysaccharide carbohydrates these can be starch and cellulose. The benefits of carbohydrates to the persons body, they help to provide energy. Hence, this energy has to be broken down into glucose before cells can use it. In addition, carbohydrates are the bodys main source of fuel because when the person takes the right carbohydrates, this means that the persons body systems and organs will be able to function properly. The foods that can be found in Carbohydrates can be as such as whole grain cereals, fruits, beans, vegetables and dairy products. Proteins When it comes to the characteristics of proteins, these are large, complex molecules that have a variety of functions in the body and are essential to good health. There are two types of proteins and these are amino acids and peptides. The amino acids these are building blocks of the bodys proteins. Hence, some amino acids are produced by a persons body and other amino acids come from a persons diet. On the other hand, peptides these are two or more amino acids that are connected together. Hence, the proteins are made up multiple peptides. However, the benefits of proteins to the body, proteins help to build and repair tissues in the body. In addition, the proteins help to also make haemoglobin which is the part of the red blood cells that carry oxygen to all the parts of the body, make enzymes, hormones and also act as the building block of bones, muscles and blood. Lastly the examples of food that is highly in proteins this can be as such as diary products, meat, chicken, fish, beans, nuts and seeds. Fats Fat consist of saturated fat and unsaturated fats. The saturated fat can be as such as butter and cheese whilst unsaturated fat can be olive oil and sunflower oil. The benefits of fats to the body, is that the body needs fats to work properly by protecting the organs. The fats also help to provide energy in the form of calories, to absorb certain vitamins, to produce cell membranes, enzymes, neurotransmitters and lastly to produce hormones. The examples of foods that can be found in fats, these are eggs, butter, dairy products, margarine, cheese, olive oil, fatty beef and fish. Therefore, a person having food that contains fats, these foods will help to play a vital role in their body. Fibre The main function of fibre is to keep the digestive system healthy and also to function properly. Hence, fibre it helps to speed up excretion of waste and toxins from the body. However, it is advised that if a person is going to increase the amount of fibre in his/her diet, he should drink high levels of water so that the fibre can get absorbed. As a result, this will avoid a person from being constipated. The characteristics of fibre is that all the food that are rich in fibre such as fruits, wholemeal bread, porridge and cereals can fill up someone very quickly thus this will prevent someone from overeating. Additionally, the foods that are also rich in fibre are low in fat and calories as well as they slow down the digestion so they would not make a person to put on weight. Vitamins These are organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism. A person taking the right vitamins through their diet, the vitamins will help them to maintain a healthy body and normal growth. The vitamins also help to serve vital functions in body processes such as the immune and nervous system. Therefore, its essential that a person takes food that is rich in vitamins. Nevertheless, the characteristics of vitamins is that every vitamin has a special role to play within the body that they help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion. Furthermore, they are two types of vitamins and these are water soluble vitamins and fat soluble vitamins. When it comes to water soluble vitamins, these include of vitamin B1, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin C, vitamin B2. The water soluble vitamins might be as such as grains, fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, nuts and milk. However, when it comes to fat soluble vitamins these consist of vitamins A, D, E and K hence these vitamins are stored in liver and fatty tissues. The food that can be found in these fat soluble vitamins can be such as vegetables cheese, whole milk, fish oil, and egg York. Minerals Its very essential that a person takes minerals in his/her diet. This is because these minerals help to control body fluids inside and outside the cells. The minerals also build strong bones and teeth as well as turn the food into energy. Withal, the most important minerals are iron, potassium, sodium and calcium thus these minerals can be found in foods such as cereals, meat, fish, vegetables and fruits. M1 Discuss similarities and differences in the nutritional and energy requirements of two groups of individuals. The two groups of individuals that I have decided to pick is the teenage girl that is 16 years old and of a pregnant woman. The differences between the teenage girl and a pregnant woman, when it comes to their nutritional and energy requirements is that the girl who is 16years of age needs to have 1800 calories per day whilst a pregnant woman needs to have 350 calories per day. In addition, the teenage girl needs these calories as shes stilling growing up and developing. For that reason, it is advised that this teenager needs to make sure that she understands her nutritional and caloric intake needs, as this will affect her physically in terms of being healthy. It will also prevent her from being at risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight is shes taking in a lot of calories that she shouldnt . However, when it comes to a pregnant woman she needs fewer calories compared to a teenager as she needs to maintain her pregnancy weight as well as keep her energy up. Withal, the pregnant woman needs to make sure that she eats well during her pregnancy and also choose high quality food that is rich in baby building nutrients. Thus, with the pregnant woman eating healthy food, this will affect her unborn child physically that by the time she gets to give birth, her baby will look healthy. All the same, when it comes to the similarities between the teenager and the pregnant woman is that they both need to take in the right calories as this will affect them physically in terms of their health. With the teenager and the pregnant woman taking in the right nutrients they will be unlikely to be at risk of getting health problems such as becoming overweight, getting heart disease, high blood pressure or diabetes. Additionally, both the teenager and pregnant woman also need to eat the right food which is rich in all the nutrients. For instance the nutrients can be as such carbohydrates and fats hence these nutrients will help provide the teenager and the pregnant woman with energy. The foods can be such as whole grain cereals, fruits, beans, vegetables and dairy products. However, with the teenager and the pregnant woman eating these foods they will have to make sure that they do some physical activity such as going to the gym, taking a walk so that they could maintain their weight as well avoid getting healthy problems. When it comes to the differences between the teenager and a pregnant woman is that the teenager needs to limit her intake of solid fats like butter whereby she gets to avoid the chance of getting health problems which might affect her physically. Therefore, the daily recommended amount of oils that a girl who is 16 years old should be taking is 5 tea spoons. On the other hand, when it comes to a pregnant woman, she needs to take omega 3 which can be found from fats such as tuna and salmon. As a result, with the pregnant woman taking the omega 3, this will help her fetus to develop as it uses much of the fatty oils in a womans system. TASK 2 P3 Using a table, explain six possible influences on dietary intake. DIETARY INTAKE EXPLANATION Lifestyles The lifestyle can be a very vital influence on the dietary intake of a person depending on how the person lives such as being wealthy or poor. Religion Religion can influence on the dietary intake of a person the fact that some religions are not allowed to eat certain foods. Culture Culture can influence on dietary intake on someones choice of food and the way the person prepares the food. Finance This is essential influence on the dietary intake of a person. For instance if the person has got no problem with money, this means that this person will be more likely to provide him/herself with the foods that are rich in nutrients hence, this will affect him physically. Diet Diet is a vital influence on the dietary intake the fact that with the person taking the right diet, he will be unlikely to be at risk of getting health problems. Personal influence The person having a personal influence this will influence on the dietary intake of this person. For instance, with the person knowing that having the right diet is good for his health, he will be most likely to keep on having the right foods that are found in the basic nutrients. M2 Select three influences on dietary intake from P3 and assess how they may affect the nutritional health of individuals. Religion Religion can affect the nutritional health of the individual the fact that some religions are not allowed to eat certain foods. Therefore, some of these foods that the people are not allowed to eat might be rich in nutrients. For example, the Buddhists are not allowed to eat meat and meat is one of the foods that are rich in proteins and vitamins. Withal, with the person not eating the food that is rich in proteins and vitamins, this will affect this individual physically the fact that the proteins help to build and repair tissues in the body. In addition, the proteins also help make haemoglobin which is the part of the red blood cells that carry oxygen to all the parts of the body, the proteins also make enzyme and hormones. When it comes to vitamins, these will also help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion of an individual. Therefore, if this individual that is a Buddhist isnt allowed to have meat, then he has to make sure that he at least eats other foods which are rich in vitamins and proteins as this will affect his health physically. Diet Diet may affect the nutritional health of an individual if the person maintains what he/she eats and this is by making sure that this individual eats the right calories that are recommended. Moreover, the person knowing the nutrients and what foods are found in the nutrients, this means that this person will be able to have a healthy diet. However, if the person doesnt know the foods that are found in the nutrients, theres a chance that this persons health will be at risk despite of the fact he/she will be eating unhealthy food. As a result, this person will be most likely to get health problems such as heart disease/stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and also become overweight. Lifestyle The lifestyle may affect the nutritional health of an individual depending on how they live. For instance, if the person is wealthy that means he/she will be able to provide himself with the basic food which is rich in nutrients. Whilst a person, that might be poor he/ she might find it very difficult to manage to get the food that is rich in nutrients. As a result, with the person not taking the right food that is rich or less in nutrients; this means that this person is more likely to get health problems such as malnutrition. Furthermore, the life style will also affect the nutritional health of an individual depending on what kind of habits that the individual has. For example, if the individual loves to eat a lot of junk food, its more likely that this will affect his health physically, whereby this individual will become overweight as well get health problems such as diabetes. For that reason, the individual not to be at risk of getting healthy problems, he/she will have to eat the food that is rich in nutrients so that he can be healthy. D1 Make realistic recommendations for minimizing negative influences on individuals in a specific health and social care setting. The health and social care setting that I decided to use is a school thus the recommendations that could minimise the negative influences these can be as such as introducing children to new healthy foods, stopping children from going out for lunch, children making health poster, children having packed lunch wit healthy snacks. Introducing children to new healthy foods Its very important that the school introduces children to new healthy foods as this will affect the childrens health physically. As a result, with the children being introduced to healthy foods, they will be less likely to be at risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight or obese. Moreover, the healthy foods could be as such as healthy snacks which might include of fruits and nuts thus, with the children knowing the good healthy snacks this will help the children to take in the right healthy snacks that will be rich in minerals and vitamins. Withal, vitamins help to maintain a healthy and normal growth and minerals help to control body fluids inside and outside the cells as well as also build strong bones and teeth. For that reason, its recommended that the schools should introduce children to healthy foods as this will help to minimise negative influences ion individuals. Stopping children from going out for lunch The school should make sure that they stop children from going out for lunch the fact that if the children go out for lunch, this means that theres a high possibility that these children will be buying junk food. With the children buying junk food, this will be mostly to affect their health physically despite of the fact that junk food is not healthy. Thus, the children will be at risk of having health problems that they will become overweight /obese, have breathing problems and also become diabetic. Consequently, its very crucial that the school does not allow children to go out for lunch; therefore it is recommended that the schools should provide children with lunch meals that are rich in healthy nutrients as this will help to minimise the negative influences on individuals. Children making health poster With the children making health posters, this will be an effective way of minimising negative influences on individuals. This is because, with the children making health posters, the other children will be mostly to know and understand the benefits of having healthy food and what sorts of food are rich in nutrients. Withal, the children understanding the nutrients and having healthy food, this will be very advantageous to their health as they will be less likely to get any healthy problems. For that reason, its recommended that schools should try and make health posters for the children as this will affect the childrens health physically in terms of having normal growth and development. Children having packed lunch with healthy snacks With the children having packed lunch with healthy snacks, this will help to minimise the negative influences on the individuals. This is because with a child having a packed lunch that is rich in nutrients as well as with healthy snacks such as fruits; this will make a child to have a balanced diet. Hence, with a child having a balanced diet, its less likely for the child to become ill. For example, if the child takes healthy snacks this means that these snacks are rich in vitamins and minerals thus these nutrients help to maintain a healthy and normal growth. For that reason, its very essential that a child gets to have a healthy packed lunch with healthy snacks. Additionally, its also recommended that the school should also advise children to drink a lot of fluids and water as this will prevent the children from being dehydrated. Therefore it is recommended that the schools tell children to have healthy packed lunched with healthy snacks as this will help to minimise the negative influences. Advise children to take part in P.E The schools should advise children to take part in Physical exercise as this will benefit the children the fact that physical exercise will help them to control their weight, strengthen their bones and muscles, improve their mental health and mood as well reduce the risk of the children getting health problems such as overweight. For that reason, its recommended that the schools should always advise children to take part in P.E. TASK 3 P4 Use a table to summarise your one week quantitative analysis. DAY BREAKFAST LUNCH EVENING MEALS SNACKS ACTIVITY MONDAY Medium Banana (105cal) Potato Chips(487cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 1 glass of water Rice(216cal) Beef(164cal) 1glass of water 100g bar Cadburys diary milk chocolate (520kcal) 1hr at the gym TUESDAY None Potato Chips(487cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces Spaghetti (220cal) 1 glass of water Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A bar of snicker(319kcal) None WEDNESDAY Cornflakes (100kcal) 1 glass of water Lasagna(124cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Banana chips (147kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) Cycle for 30mins THURSDAY None Spaghetti(220cal) 2 glasses of water Rice(216cal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Kellogg cereal bar (370kcal) None FRIDAY None Shrimp(206cal), rice(216cal) 2 glasses of water Lasagna(124cal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 2 glass of water 100g bar Cadburys diary milk chocolate (520kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) None SATURDAY Medium Banana (105cal) 1 glass of water Fish(210cal) potato chips(487cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Lasagna(124cal) broccoli(35kcal) A glass of orange juice(88cal) Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) Walk to the park for 15mins SUNDAY Weetabix (213cal) 1 glass of water Salmon(280cal) Rice(216cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216cal) Beef(164cal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) None P5 Prepare a one week plan to improve the nutritional health of the chosen individual in P4. This information can be presented in the form of a table. DAY BREAKFAST LUNCH EVENING MEALS SNACKS ACTIVITY MONDAY Medium Banana (105kcal) 2 glasses of water Potato Chips(487kcal), broccoli(35kcal) chicken(431kcal) 2 pieces 1 glass of water 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Rice(216kcal) Beef(164kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 2 glass of water Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) 1 bar of Dark chocolate (100kcal) 1hour at gym TUESDAY Apple juice 1 glass(117kcal) granny smith apple(45kcal) 2 glasses of water Potato Chips(487kcal) chicken(431cal) 2 pieces 2 glass of water Spaghetti (220kcal) coleslaw(79kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) 1 packet of walker crisp (187kcal) Walk for 10mins WEDNESDAY Cornflakes (100kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117kcal) 2 glasses of water Lasagna(124cal) Beef(164kcal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) A glass of orange juice(88cal) Salmon(280kcal) Rice(216kcal) broccoli(35kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Banana chips (147kcal) Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) 2hrs at gym THURSDAY Weetabix (213cal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) 2 glasses of water Spaghetti(220cal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) Cream cheese(137kcal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) Rice(216kcal) chicken(431kcal) 2 pieces A glass of orange juice(88kcal) 1 apple and 1 pear (125kcal) Low fat Yogurt 100gms (112kcal) Walk to the dog park for 30mins FRIDAY Weetabix (213cal) 2 glasses of water Shrimp(206kcal), rice(216kcal), broccoli(35kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Lasagna(124kcal) fried noodles (43kcal) cauliflower (23kcal) 1 glass of Apple juice (117kcal) Avocado on toast 1 slice of bread(220kcal) Cycle for 30mins SATURDAY Medium Banana (105cal) 2 glasses of water Fish(210kcal), potato chips(487kcal) broccoli(35kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117cal) Lasagna(124cal) Peas carrots (97kcal) 1 serving of coleslaw(79kcal) corn on cob(140kcal) Cheese puffs twists (122kcal) A twin bar of Twix(284kcal) Walk the dog to the park for 30mins SUNDAY Weetabix (213kcal) 2 glasses of water Salmon(280kcal) Rice(216kcal) cauliflower (23kcal) broccoli(35kcal) A glass of orange juice(88kcal) Rice(216kcal) Beef(164kcal) Peas carrots (97kcal) Apple juice 1 glass(117cal) 50g(1.8oz) reduced fat hummus with veggie sticks(125kcal) A teaspoon each of pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds and raisins(240kcal) 2hrs at gym M3 Assess how the plan devised in P5 will meet the nutritional needs of the individual. The one week plan that I devised in P5 will help meet the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that, when I made another plan in P5 so that I could improve the nutritional content of the individual, I tried to make sure that at least I meant the daily calories that a person should have. Moreover, with the person not eating proper food or missing out meals, this will lead to reduced levels of blood sugar. For that reason, with the person having low levels of blood sugar, its most likely that this person will faint. Withal, the plan devised in P5 will help meet the nutritional needs of the individual as I had to make sure that in the plan, the person will have to have breakfast every day as this will affect this person physically. Thus, with the person taking breakfast every morning, she will be active and also be will have enough energy to carry out the tasks at work. Therefore, a person taking breakfast every morning is very crucial. Additionally, the plan I devised in P5, will definitely help the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that every meal that this person will be having, is rich in nutrients. For example, when it comes to lunch time and evening meals the person gets to have vegetables with her meals thus vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals. Therefore, with the person taking vegetables that are rich in vitamins and minerals, this will affect this persons health physically as the vitamins and minerals they help to regulate the processes such as cell growth and repair, reproduction and digestion as well as control the body fluids that come in and out of the cells of this individual. Furthermore, the plan that I devised in P5, will also help the nutritional needs of the individual in spite of the fact that this person will now have to do some activity such as going to the gym, walk to the park and also do some cycling. As a result, this will affect this persons health that she will not be at the risk of getting healthy problems such as becoming overweight or obese. In addition, with the person also doing some activities such as going to the gym, this person will be able to burn off some of the calories, in case if this individuals calories were more than what she should have. Moreover, the plan that I devised in P5 will also help the nutritional needs of the individual the fact that this person will be drinking more water regularly. Hence, with the person drinking water every day its very vital as water makes up 70% of the human body and also it will prevent a person from being dehydrated. Additionally, with the person also drinking water, the water will help to transport oxygen and nutrients through the blood and water is a major component of every body cell, tissue and organ. Lastly, the plan that I devised in P5 will also help the nutritional needs of the individual as I had to make sure that this person at least this person gets to have some healthy snacks. Withal, the person having healthy snacks this will affect the persons health physically as the healthy snacks help to keep the energy levels up and also they help to keep an individual full throughout the day without overeating at meals. Furthermore, with the person having healthy snacks such as apples and bananas, these are rich in vitamin C hence; these fruits are important for the immune system, teeth and wound healing. D2 Evaluate how the nutritional plan might improve the health of the chosen individual in P4 and P5. When it comes to the nutritional plan I did in P4 and P5, this might help to improve the health of the chosen individual the fact that I tried to make sure that in both the plans I did in P4 and P5, this person did physical activity. Thus with the person doing activity, this will benefit this persons health physically as he/ she will be at less risk of getting any healthy problems. However, when it comes to the plan I did in P4, the person did less physical activity and this will be less effective to this individuals health as he/she will be at risk of getting health problems. On the other hand, when it came to the plan I did in P5 where I had to improve the plan from the one I done in P4, I made sure that this individual attended the gym more regularly, did some cycling and also walked the dog to the park. As a result, with this individual doing these different activities, this will be affect his/her health physically as it will help him/her to control his/her weight, strengthen her bones and muscles, improve her mental health and mood as well reduce the risk of her getting health problems such as becoming overweight, getting diabetes or cardiovascular disease. The nutritional plan that I did in P4, it will also help to improve the individuals health the fact that I tried to make sure that a person had water and other fluids such as apple and orange juice. However, in P5 I had to make sure that had to improve the plan had made in P4 because the person never had more fluids regularly. For that reason, with a person having less fluids in his diet this will affect this individuals health physically as theres a high possibility this individual will be more likely to be dehydrated and also become constipated. Therefore, it is very crucial that a person take fluids more regularly the fact these fluids are rich in minerals as well as vitamins. Moreover, with the person drinking water its very important as water makes up 70% of the human body and also it will prevent a person from being dehydrated. Hence, the water also helps to transport oxygen and nutrients through the blood. Withal, the nutritional plan of P4 and P5 will help to improve the health of an individual as its recommended that a person needs to drink water. As a result, in both my nutritional plans had to make sure that this person had 2litres of water but I never met the daily intake of the water that is meant to be taken by an individual the fact that in both my plans it was less than 2litres of water. When it comes to the nutritional plan that I did in P4, I mad